%0 Conference Proceedings %B 10th International Conference on Aeolian Research (ICAR X) %D 2018 %T How to detect change in aeolian sediment transport %A Nicholas Webb %A Chappell, A. %A Van Zee, J.W. %A Edwards, B. %A James, D. %X

Anthropogenic land use and land cover change (LULCC) influence global rates of wind erosion and dust emission, yet our understanding of the magnitude of the responses remains poor. Analyses of LULCC and land management-aeolian process interactions require field measurements and models that are sensitive to human and ecological drivers and provide an acceptable level of certainty in change detection. However, current approaches to measuring and modelling wind erosion and dust emission are typically highly uncertain as they inadequately account for the large spatial and temporal variability in sediment transport. Field measurements need to be sufficiently robust to establish that aeolian sediment transport responses to change are statistically significant at a desired confidence level and capture the effects of boundary-layer interactions. Here, we demonstrate that small sample sizes are often inadequate for monitoring aeolian processes and quantifying anthropogenic interactions. The spatial variance in transport rates may be many times larger than the temporal variance depending on the land surface aerodynamics and sediment supply, which are influenced by land cover and land management. Statistical rigour and the straightforward application of a sampling design can reduce the uncertainty and detect change in sediment transport over time in response to management and between land use and land cover types. We discuss measurement uncertainty effects on dust model calibration and applications to quantify anthropogenic interactions. Model uncertainty has arisen from a lack of sensitivity to spatial variability in land surface controls (e.g., vegetation), and the uncertainty in measurements used for calibration and testing. We examine how robust field measurements can be combined with new modelling approaches that resolve the spatial variability in transport controls to improve dust model sensitivity and reduce uncertainty in assessments of the impacts of LULCC.

%B 10th International Conference on Aeolian Research (ICAR X) %C Bordeaux, France %V 25-29 June, 2018 %G eng %0 Conference Proceedings %B Society for Range Management 71st Annual Meeting %D 2018 %T Multi-scale wind erosion monitoring and assessment for US rangelands %A Nicholas Webb %B Society for Range Management 71st Annual Meeting %C Reno, NV %V January 28-February 2, 2018 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Earth's Future %D 2018 %T Quantifying Anthropogenic Dust Emissions %A Nicholas Webb %A C. Pierre %X

Anthropogenic land use and land cover change, including local environmental disturbances, moderate rates of wind-driven soil erosion and dust emission. These human-dust cycle interactions impact ecosystems and agricultural production, air quality, human health, biogeochemical cycles, and climate. While the impacts of land use activities and land management on aeolian processes can be profound, the interactions are often complex and assessments of anthropogenic dust loads at all scales remain highly uncertain. Here, we critically review the drivers of anthropogenic dust emission and current evaluation approaches. We then identify and describe opportunities to: (1) develop new conceptual frameworks and interdisciplinary approaches that draw on ecological state-and-transition models to improve the accuracy and relevance of assessments of anthropogenic dust emissions; (2) improve model fidelity and capacity for change detection to quantify anthropogenic impacts on aeolian processes; and (3) enhance field research and monitoring networks to support dust model applications to evaluate the impacts of disturbance processes on local to global-scale wind erosion and dust emissions.

%B Earth's Future %V 6 %8 02/2018 %G eng %& 286 %R 10.1002/2017EF000766 %0 Journal Article %J Rangelands %D 2017 %T Enhancing wind erosion monitoring and assessment for US rangelands %A Nicholas Webb %A Van Zee, J.W. %A Karl, J.W. %A Herrick, J.E. %A Courtright, E.M. %A Billings, B.J. %A Boyd, R. %A Chappell, A. %A Duniway, M.C. %A Derner, J.D. %A Hand, J.K. %A Kachergis, E. %A McCord, S.E. %A Newingham, B.A. %A Pierson, F.B. %A Steiner, J.L. %A Tatarko, J. %A Tedela, N.H. %A Toledo, D. %A Van Pelt, R.S. %B Rangelands %8 Accepted %G eng %R 10.1016/j.rala.2017.04.001 %0 Conference Proceedings %B American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting %D 2017 %T Reducing uncertainty in dust monitoring to detect aeolian sediment transport responses to land cover change %A Nicholas Webb %A Adrian Chappell %A Justin Van Zee %A David Toledo %A Michael Duniway %A Benjamin Billings %A Negussie Tedela %B American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting %C New Orleans, LA %V 11-15 December, 2017 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Society for Range Management 70th Annual Meeting %D 2017 %T Using state-and-transition models to evaluate wind erosion responses to land cover change %A Nicholas Webb %A Galloza, M.S. %A Bleiweiss, M.P. %A Winters, C. %A Ayers, E. %A Herrick, J.E. %B Society for Range Management 70th Annual Meeting %C St George, UT %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Aeolian Research %D 2016 %T The National Wind Erosion Research Network: Building a standardized long-term data resource for aeolian research, modeling and land management %A Nicholas Webb %A Herrick, Jeffrey %A Van Zee, Justin %A Courtright, Ericha %A Hugenholtz, Christopher %A Zobeck, Teddy M. %A Okin, Gregory S. %A Barchyn, Thomas E. %A Billings, Benjamin J. %A Boyd, Robert %A Clingan, Scott %A Cooper, Brad %A Duniway, Michael C. %A Derner, Justin D. %A Fox, Fred A %A Havstad, Kris M. %A Heilman, Philip %A LaPlante, Valerie %A Ludwig, Noel A. %A Metz, Loretta J. %A Nearing, Mark A. %A Norfleet, M. Lee %A Pierson, Frederick B. %A Sanderson, Matt A. %A Sharratt, Brenton S. %A Steiner, Jean L. %A Tatarko, John %A Tedela, Negussie H. %A Toledo, David %A Unnasch, Robert S. %A Van Pelt, R. Scott %A Wagner, Larry %K Wind erosion; Aeolian; Dust emission; Monitoring; Network; Long-Term Agroecosystem Research %X

The National Wind Erosion Research Network was established in 2014 as a collaborative effort led by the United States Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service and Natural Resources Conservation Service, and the United States Department of the Interior’s Bureau of Land Management, to address the need for a long-term research program to meet critical challenges in wind erosion research and management in the United States. The Network has three aims: (1) provide data to support understanding of basic aeolian processes across land use types, land cover types, and management practices, (2) support development and application of models to assess wind erosion and dust emission and their impacts on human and environmental systems, and (3) encourage collaboration among the aeolian research community and resource managers for the transfer of wind erosion technologies. The Network currently consists of thirteen intensively instrumented sites providing measurements of aeolian sediment transport rates, meteorological conditions, and soil and vegetation properties that influence wind erosion. Network sites are located across rangelands, croplands, and deserts of the western US. In support of Network activities, http://winderosionnetwork.org was developed as a portal for information about the Network, providing site descriptions, measurement protocols, and data visualization tools to facilitate collaboration with scientists and managers interested in the Network and accessing Network products. The Network provides a mechanism for engaging national and international partners in a wind erosion research program that addresses the need for improved understanding and prediction of aeolian processes across complex and diverse land use types and management practices.

%B Aeolian Research %V 22 %P 23-36 %8 09/2016 %G eng %R http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2016.05.005 %0 Journal Article %J Aeolian Research %D 2016 %T Threshold wind velocity dynamics as a driver of aeolian sediment mass flux %A Nicholas Webb %A Magda S Galloza %A Ted M Zobeck %A Jeffrey E Herrick %B Aeolian Research %V 20 %G eng %& 45 %0 Conference Paper %B 18th International Soil Conservation Organization Conference %D 2015 %T A national wind erosion research network %A Nicholas Webb %A Jeffrey E. Herrick %A Hugenholtz, Christopher %A Zobeck, Teddy M. %A Okin, Gregory S. %X

Public concern about wind erosion in the United States is high. This concern has arisen as a consequence of changing and intensifying land use pressures which can lead to increased soil loss and dust emission. However, there is relatively little research to support improved management. While much attention has been given to measuring and modelling wind erosion in US croplands, little information is available on the magnitude and frequency of wind erosion in rangelands and other land cover types. Resolving this knowledge gap is important for soil conservation in the face ongoing land use change, land cover change and climate change. Predictive models supported by high quality, spatially-diverse field measurements are needed to quantify wind erosion across all land cover types so that the impacts can be assessed and management options identified and tested. We present a National Wind Erosion Research Network to support field assessments of wind erosion in all land cover types and the development of an all-lands wind erosion model. We describe the establishment of the network field sites, supported by the US Department of Agriculture’s Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and Department of Defence (DoD), and outline a standard methods protocol developed to ensure consistency in wind erosion monitoring and assessment across the network. The network will provide opportunities to evaluate controls on the timing and intensity of wind erosion across land use and land cover types in the United States. These data, in support of an all-lands wind erosion model, will provide much needed tools for managing wind erosion and its impacts.

%B 18th International Soil Conservation Organization Conference %C El Paso, Texas %8 05/2015 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B AGU Fall Meeting %D 2015 %T winderosionnetwork.org – Portal to the National Wind Erosion Research Network %A Nicholas Webb %A Herrick, Jeffrey %A Clingan, Scott %A Cooper, Brad %A Courtright, Ericha %A LaPlante, Valerie %A Van Zee, Justin %X

The National Wind Erosion Research Network was established in 2014 as a collaborative effort led by the USDA Agricultural Research Service and Natural Resources Conservation Service, and USDI Bureau of Land Management, to address the need for standardized measurements of wind erosion and its controlling factors. Data will be used to support model development and identification of improved land management strategies that have global applications. By applying standard methods, the Network will overcome the common challenge of synthesizing independent studies to assess local-to-national scale wind erosion and dust emission. Twelve intensively instrumented Network sites will be operational by spring 2016, providing high-resolution measurements of aeolian sediment transport rates, meteorological conditions and soil and vegetation properties. These initial sites are located across rangelands and croplands in New Mexico, Texas, Arizona, California, Nevada, Colorado, Utah, North Dakota, Idaho and Washington. A primary objective of the Network is to facilitate collaboration among Network sites and the wider research community to address basic research questions about aeolian processes, model development, and evaluate practical management options. In support of Network activities, winderosionnetwork.org was developed to serve as a Network data portal, and provide online information about the National Wind Erosion Research Network including protocols and results. The website provides a comprehensive resource for scientists and managers interested in engaging with the Network and accessing Network products. The Network provides exciting opportunities to engage in a national long-term wind erosion research program that promises significant impact for our understanding and ability to predict and evaluate aeolian processes across land cover types and land use systems.

%B AGU Fall Meeting %I American Geophysical Union %C San Francisco, CA %8 12/2015 %G eng %0 Conference Proceedings %B Eighth International Conference on Aeolian Research (ICAR VIII) %D 2014 %T A National Wind Erosion Monitoring Network to support an all-lands wind erosion model %A Nicholas Webb %A Jeffrey E. Herrick %A Hugenholtz, Christopher %A Okin, Gregory S. %A Zobeck, Teddy M. %X

Public concern about wind erosion in the United States rangelands is increasing. This concern has arisen as a consequence of changing and intensifying land use pressures which can lead to increased soil loss and dust emissions. However, there is relatively little research to support improved management. While much attention has been given to measuring and modelling wind erosion in US cropping systems, there is a dearth of information on the magnitude and frequency of wind erosion in rangelands and other land cover types. Resolving this knowledge gap is important for addressing the multiple impacts of land use and land cover change, including those related to soil nutrient loss and productivity, snow hydrology, public health and climate. Field measurements of aeolian sediment transport rates supported by predictive models are needed to quantify wind erosion across all land cover types so that the impacts can be assessed and management solutions identified and tested. We present a new National Wind Erosion Monitoring Network to support field assessments of wind erosion in all land cover types and the development of an all-lands wind erosion model. We describe the establishment of the network field sites, supported by the US Department of Agriculture’s Long-Tern Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network, Natural Resources Conservation Service and Bureau of Land Management, and outline a standard methods protocol developed to ensure consistency in wind erosion monitoring and assessment across the network. The network will provide opportunities to evaluate controls on the timing and intensity of wind erosion in a number of land uses and land cover types across the United States. These data, in support of an all-lands wind erosion model, will provide much needed tools for managing wind erosion and its impacts.

%B Eighth International Conference on Aeolian Research (ICAR VIII) %I International Society of Aeolian Research (ISAR) %C Lanzhou, China %P p. 427 %8 07/2014 %G eng